二战日军投降，中国要求日本赔偿， 是美国强迫蒋介石不准要求赔偿

日本对华赔偿问题战后几十年来一直成为学术界与当政者之间的争论话题。事实上，蒋中正对赔偿一事从未松口，他并且同意战后日本以实物作为赔偿的一部分。1945年8月15日蒋中正的为抗战胜利告全国军民及世界人士书中对战后日本的态度十分明确，他说，我中国同胞须知“不念旧恶”， 及 “与人为善”为我民族传统至高至贵的德性。我们一贯声言，只认日本黩武的军阀为敌，不以日本的人民为敌，今天敌军已被我们盟邦共同打倒了，我们当然要严密责惩他，忠实执行所有的投降条件。八一五的时候，他的宣言，说：我们要“与人为善”， 我们不是要复仇。以牙还牙，以眼还眼，但是日本人要根据波茨坦会议负责赔偿。而且委员长对这件事非常认真，非常重视，因为委员长和中国整个政府当时希望用这个赔偿的物资，振兴我们的中国的工业，蒋介石也冤枉的，他派的代表在日本跟日本人拍桌子大闹要求赔偿；是美国人，后来通知蒋介石，美国政府叫蒋介石不许要日本赔偿， 因为我们需要把日本重新建设起来，抵抗苏俄，你中国需要钱，将来我们美国给你，美国给了没有， 没有！后来一直到了韩战以后，美国才来美援，那些美援不是送给我们的，要照利息还的。 The issue of Japanese reparations to China has remained a topic of debate between scholars and political leaders for decades after the war. In fact, Chiang Kai-shek never softened his position on reparations, and he also agreed that part of Japan’s postwar compensation could be paid in goods and materials. In his August 15, 1945 address to the Chinese people and the world announcing victory in the War of Resistance, Chiang Kai-shek made his attitude toward postwar Japan very clear. He said that the Chinese people must understand that “not dwelling on past evils” and “treating others with kindness” are among the highest and noblest virtues of the Chinese nation. He stated that China had always regarded only Japan’s militarist warlords as the enemy, not the Japanese people themselves. Now that the enemy forces had been defeated jointly by China and the Allied powers, China would, of course, strictly punish them and faithfully carry out all the terms of surrender. In his August 15 declaration, he said that China should “treat others with kindness”; China was not seeking revenge, not “an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth.” However, Japan still had to make reparations in accordance with the decisions of the Potsdam Conference. The Generalissimo took this matter very seriously and attached great importance to it, because both he and the Chinese government hoped to use those reparations materials to rebuild and revitalize China’s industry. In a sense, Chiang Kai-shek was also treated unfairly. The representatives he sent to Japan argued fiercely with the Japanese side, pounding the table and demanding reparations. But later, the Americans informed Chiang Kai-shek that the U.S. government did not want China to demand reparations from Japan, because the United States needed to rebuild Japan in order to resist the Soviet Union. The Americans told Chiang Kai-shek: China needs money, and in the future, the United States will provide it. But did America actually provide it? No. It was not until after the Korean War that American aid finally arrived. And even then, that aid was not simply given to China for free — it had to be repaid with interest.